The people of Uzbekistan are struggling to find a unified identity as the people argue how each person should be identified. Many of the ethnic Uzbeks identify as "Uzbeks," which they tend to define in political, cultural, and ethnic terms. This is usually defined by being a Muslim, having a settled lifestyle, speaking Uzbek, and being an ethnic Uzbek. Before the Soviet era, Uzbeks identified themselves by clan and by khanate rather than by nationality, which became an ethnic identifier only in with the union of the khanates in the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic.
Despite their different languages, official differentiation of Tajiks and Uzbeks occurred only when the Republic of Tajikistan was established five years later. Other social factors also define the identities and loyalties of individuals in Uzbekistan and influence their behavior. Often regional and clan identities play an important role that supersedes specifically ethnic identification. In the struggle for political control or access to economic resources, for example, regional alliances often prevail over ethnic identities.
A United States expert has identified five regions--the Tashkent region, the Fergana Valley, Samarkand and Bukhara, the northwest territories, and the southern region--that have played the role of a power base for individuals who rose to the position of first secretary of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan.
Often clan-based, these regional allegiances remain important in both the politics and the social structure of post-Soviet Uzbekistan. Uzbeks are known for being very hospitable. Many travelers have filed reports of constantly being invited to homes, offered heaps of food and given a place to sleep.
If there was wedding they were invited. Uzbeks are known for being long-suffering and putting up with great hardships for long periods of time. Their character has also been influenced by repressive rule: first under the Soviets and then under the current Karimov regime. Uzbek culture has been described as a mix of Iranian and Turkish culture. According to safaritheglobe.
Due to this attitude, the people take offense at few things. Although everyone will notice odd behaviors and cultural abnormalities, rarely will anyone point out your cultural mistakes. The people of Central Asia are basically divided into two types: the traditional nomads and semi-nomads Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Mongols and Turkmen and the settled people the Uzbeks and Tajiks.
However, the Uzbeks fell under Soviet rule when major changes were made to the way of life. Religion slowly died, regular working hours were introduced, and school became the norm for Uzbek children. For many of these people life now and in the past is based on the land and agriculture.
Farming has been the primary occupation for centuries and today a quarter of the people still work in agriculture to some degree. For these people life is based on long summer days and short winter days, making their daily lives very dependent on the weather and seasons. It also created a reliance on family, friends, and neighbors as small communities often needed each other. Today many Uzbeks still work in these fields as they have more regular working hours.
The standard work day in Uzbekistan today runs from about am to about pm. This schedule dictates much of life in Uzbekistan today as does school, which generally runs from early September to June. For farm families this school schedule is ideal since during the summers off of school these children can help on the family farm. Free time is more common during the short winter days, but few people have the discretionary income to go out and enjoy the money they make.
More commonly, life is focused in the home and free time is spent with family and friends. Modern Tajiks are very similar to modern Uzbeks. They have similar customs and lifestyles. Up until the 20th century they were regarded as essentially the same people except that Uzbeks spoke a Turkish language and the Tajiks spoke a Persian language. In some ways the Tajik ethnic group was invented by the Soviets as a way to divide the local population and make them less of a threat to the state.
Uzbeks and Tajiks have traditionally had very similar customs and settled lifestyles except the Uzbeks spoke a Turkish language and the Tajiks spoke a Persian language. Tajiks are also distinguished from other Central Asian by their traditional Islamic-Iranian culture. There has traditionally been a lot of intermarriage between the ethnic groups of Central Asia. Uzbeks and Tajiks have traditionally been difficult to distinguish from one another.
The same is true with Kyrgyz and Kazakhs. Clan and regional ties have historically been more important than ethnic identity. Central Asia is a meeting point of Turkic, Persian and Mongol cultures. Uzbeks and Tajiks have traditionally had very similar customs and lifestyles except the Uzbeks spoke a Turkish language and the Tajiks spoke a Persian language. Most ethnic Tajiks in Uzbekistan identify as Tajiks, but citizens of Uzbekistan. Uzbeks consider themselves the dominate people of Central Asia by virtue of their numbers and their historic links to Tamerlane and Genghis Khan.
Other ethnic groups in Central Asia dispute this claim. Into the 20th century people referred to Uzbeks and Tajiks as Turks and Persians. The Uzbek and Tajik designations only really became widespread with the arrival of the Soviets and their desire to mold ethnic identities to suit their purposes. According to another estimate: ethnic Groups in Uzbek 71 percent, Russian 8 percent, Tajik 5 percent, Kazakh 4 percent, Tatar 2 percent, and Karakalpak 2 percent.
According to the census, 76 percent of the population was Uzbek, 6 percent Russian, 4. Despite their different languages, official differentiation of Tajiks and Uzbeks occurred only when the Republic of Tajikistan was established in the Soviet Union in the s.
However, a substantial portion of the officially Uzbek population, estimated as high as 40 percent, is of Tajik ancestry, and Tajiks predominate in the urban centers of Bukhara and Samarkand.
Substantial numbers of Germans and Ukrainians left in a mass emigration during the s. The Karakalpaks, about , of whom inhabit western Uzbekistan, are a Turkic people of unclear ethnic origin who now are included with the Uzbeks in official ethnic statistics.
Many other minority groups refuse to be identified as Uzbek, even under political terms; this is in part because the Uzbeks have tied the culture, language, and ethnicity to the Uzbek identity, implying the identity requires more than just citizenship, hence excluding these ethnic minorities.
Because of this, most ethnic minorities generally identify by their ethnicity, which tends to be tied to a distinct language and culture. Before the Bolshevik Revolution, there was little sense of an Uzbek nationhood as such; instead, life was organized around the tribe or clan. Until the twentieth century, the population of what is today Uzbekistan was ruled by the various khans who had conquered the region in the sixteenth century.
But Soviet rule, and the creation of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in October , ultimately created and solidified a new kind of Uzbek identity. At the same time, the Soviet policy of cutting across existing ethnic and linguistic lines in the region to create Uzbekistan and the other new republics also sowed tension and strife among the Central Asian groups that inhabited the region.
In particular, the territory of Uzbekistan was drawn to include the two main Tajik cultural centers, Bukhara and Samarkand, as well as parts of the Fergana Valley to which other ethnic groups could lay claim. This readjustment of ethnic politics caused animosity and territorial claims among Uzbeks, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, and others through much of the Soviet era, but conflicts grew especially sharp after the collapse of central Soviet rule.
The stresses of the Soviet period were present among Uzbekistan's ethnic groups in economic, political, and social spheres. An outbreak of violence in the Fergana Valley between Uzbeks and Meskhetian Turks in June claimed about lives. That conflict was followed by similar outbreaks of violence in other parts of the Fergana Valley and elsewhere.
The civil conflict in neighboring Tajikistan, which also involves ethnic hostilities, has been perceived in Uzbekistan and presented by the Uzbekistani government as an external threat that could provoke further ethnic conflict within Uzbekistan.
Thousands of Uzbeks living in Tajikistan have fled the civil war there and migrated back to Uzbekistan, for example, just as tens of thousands of Russians and other Slavs have left Uzbekistan for northern Kazakhstan or Russia. Population pressures have exacerbated ethnic tensions.
In , the chief minority groups were Russians slightly more than 8 percent , Tajiks officially almost 5 percent, but believed to be much higher , Kazakhs about 4 percent , Tatars about 2. In the mids, Uzbekistan was becoming increasingly homogeneous, as the outflow of Russians and other minorities continued to increase and as Uzbeks returned from other parts of the former Soviet Union.
According to unofficial data, between and the number of nonindigenous individuals in Uzbekistan declined from 2. The increase in the indigenous population and the emigration of Europeans have increased the self-confidence and often the self-assertiveness of indigenous Uzbeks, as well as the sense of vulnerability among the Russians in Uzbekistan.
The Russian population, as former "colonizers," was reluctant to learn the local language or to adapt to local control in the post-Soviet era. In early , public opinion surveys suggested that most Russians in Uzbekistan felt more insecure and fearful than they had before Uzbek independence.
The irony of this ethnic situation is that many of these Central Asian ethnic groups in Uzbekistan were artificially created and delineated by Soviet fiat in the first place. Two ethnic schisms may play an important role in the future of Uzbekistan. The first is the potential interaction of the remaining Russians with the Uzbek majority. Historically, this relationship has been based on fear, colonial dominance, and a vast difference in values and norms between the two populations.
There are no independent trade unions, though government-sponsored unions are common. The Employment Service and Employment Fund was set up in to address issues of social welfare, employment insurance, and health benefits for workers. Ironically, some truly independent organizations from the Soviet period, such as the Committee to Save the Aral Sea, were declared illegal in Social groups associated with Birlik also have been denied registration. As a result of the government's lack of reforms, in particular making the national currency convertible, major international donors are becoming reluctant Weddings are very important in Uzbek culture, as the family is the center of society.
The International Monetary Fund is pushing hard for convertibility before it gives further assistance. The U. Agency for International Development in said it was hesitant to assist the government in any sectors other than health, as the government was smothering economic reform.
Division of Labor by Gender. Before the Soviet period, men worked outside the house while women did basic domestic work, or supplemented the family income by spinning, weaving, and embroidering with silk or cotton.
From the s on, women entered the workforce, at textile factories and in the cotton fields, but also in professional jobs opened to them by the Soviet education system.
They came to make up the great majority of teachers, nurses, and doctors. Family pressure, however, sometimes kept women from attaining higher education, or working outside the home. With independence, some women have held on to positions of power, though they still may be expected to comport themselves with modesty. Men in modern Uzbekistan, though, hold the vast majority of managerial positions, as well as the most labor-intensive jobs.
It is common now for men to travel north to other former Soviet republics to work in temporary jobs. Both sexes work in bazaars. The Relative Status of Women and Men. Uzbekistan is a male-dominated society, particularly in the Ferghana Valley. Nevertheless, women make up nearly half the workforce. They hold just under 10 percent of parliamentary seats, and 18 percent of administrative and management positions, according to U.
Women run the households and traditionally control the family budgets. When guests are present they are expected to cloister themselves from view. In public women are expected to cover their bodies completely. Full veiling is uncommon, though it is occasionally practiced in the Ferghana Valley. Women often view this as an expression of their faith and culture rather than as an oppressive measure. Uzbek women usually marry by twenty-one; men not much later.
Marriage is an imperative for all, as families are the basic structure in society. A family's honor depends on their daughters' virginity; this often leads families to encourage early marriage.
In traditional Uzbek families, marriages are often still arranged between families; in more cosmopolitan ones it is the bride and groom's choice. Either way, the match is subject to parental approval, with the mother in practice having the final word.
Preference is given to members of the kin group. There is particular family say in the youngest son's choice, as he and his bride will take care of his parents. People tend to marry in their late teens or early twenties.
Weddings often last for days, with the expense borne by the bride's family. The husband's family may pay a bride price. Polygamy is illegal and rare, but it is not unknown. Following independence, divorce has become more common, though it is still rare outside of major cities. It is easier for a man to initiate divorce. Domestic Unit. Uzbek families are patriarchal, though the mother runs the household. The average family size is five or six members, but families of ten or more are not uncommon.
Children are the primary claimants to the deceased's property. The youngest son receives the family house, along with the obligation to care A woman places flat bread dough in an oven, while another woman folds dough in a large bowl, Old Town, Khiva. Families are patriarchal, but mothers run the households.
Sons typically receive twice as large a share as daughters, though this can vary. Kin Groups. Close relations extends to cousins, who have the rights and responsibilities of the nuclear family and often are called on for favors.
If the family lives in a detached house and there is space, the sons may build their homes adjacent to or around the courtyard of the parents' house. Infant Care. Uzbek babies are hidden from view for their first forty days.
They are tightly swaddled when in their cribs and carried by their mothers. Men generally do not take care of or clean babies. Child Rearing and Education.
Children are cherished as the reason for life. The mother is the primary caretaker, and in case of divorce, she will virtually always take the children. The extended family and the community at large, however, also take an interest in the child's upbringing. When children are young, they have great freedom to play and act out.
But as they get older, particularly in school, discipline increases. A good child becomes one who is quiet and attentive, and all must help in the family's labor. All children go to school for nine years, with some going on to eleventh grade; the government is increasing mandatory education to twelve years.
Higher Education. Enrollment in higher-education institutions is about 20 percent, down from more than 30 percent during the Soviet period. A major reason for the decline is that students do not feel a higher education will help them get a good job; also contributing is the emigration of Russians, and declining standards related to budget cutbacks.
Nevertheless, Uzbeks, particularly in cities, still value higher education, and the government gives full scholarships to students who perform well. Elders are respected in Uzbek culture. At the dusterhon, younger guests will not make themselves more comfortable than their elders.
The younger person should always greet the older first. Men typically greet each other with a handshake, the left hand held over the heart.
Women place their right hand on the other's elbow. If they are close friends or relatives, they may kiss each other on the cheeks. If two acquaintances meet on the street, they will usually ask each other how their affairs are.
If the two don't know each other well, the greeting will be shorter, or could involve just a nod. Women are expected to be modest in dress and demeanor, with clothing covering their entire body. In public they may walk with their head tilted down to avoid unwanted attention. In traditional households, women will not enter the room if male guests are present. Likewise, it is considered forward to ask how a man's wife is doing. Women generally sit with legs together, their hands in their laps.
When men aren't present, however, women act much more casually. People try to carry themselves with dignity and patience, traits associated with royalty, though young men can be boisterous in public.
People tend to dress up when going out of the house. Once home they change, thus extending the life of their street clothes. Religious Beliefs. Uzbeks are Sunni Muslims. The territory of Uzbekistan has been a center of Islam in the region for a thousand years, but under the Soviet Union the religion was heavily controlled: mosques were closed and Muslim education was banned.
Beginning in , Uzbeks have revived Islam, particularly in the Ferghana Valley, where mosques have been renovated. The call to prayer was everywhere heard five times a day before the government ordered the removal of the mosques' loudspeakers in The state encourages a moderate form of Islam, but Kharimov fears the creation of an Islamic state.
Since the beginning of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan's terror campaign in February , he has cracked down even further on what he perceives as extremists, raising claims of human rights abuses.
The government is particularly concerned about what it labels Wahhabism, a fundamentalist Sunni sect that took hold in the Ferghana Valley following independence. Nine percent of the population is Russian Orthodox. Religious Practitioners. Most Sunni Uzbeks are led by a state-appointed mufti. Independent imams are sometimes repressed, and in May , a law requiring all religious groups to register with the government was enacted.
In addition to leading worship, the Muslim clergy has led mosque restoration efforts and is playing an increasing role in religious education.
Death and the Afterlife. Uzbeks bury their deceased within twenty-four hours of death, in above-ground tombs. At the funeral, women wail loudly and at specific times. The mourning period lasts forty days. The first anniversary of the death is marked with a gathering of the person's friends and relatives. Muslims believe that on Judgment Day, each soul's deeds will be weighed.
They will then walk across a hair-thin bridge spanning Hell, which leads to Paradise. The bridge will broaden under the feet of the righteous, but the damned will lose their balance and fall. Current health practices derive from the Soviet system. Health care is considered a basic right of the entire population, with clinics, though ill-equipped, in most villages, and larger facilities in regional centers.
Emphasis is on treatment over prevention. Yet the state health care budget—80 million dollars in —falls far short of meeting basic needs; vaccinations, for example, fell off sharply following independence. Exacerbating the situation is a lack of potable water, industrial pollution, and a rise in infectious diseases such as tuberculosis.
Perhaps the most common traditional health practices are shunning cold drinks and cold surfaces, which are believed to cause colds and damage to internal organs, and avoiding drafts, or bad winds. Folk remedies and herbal treatments also are common. An example is to press bread to the ailing part of the body. The sick person then gives a small donation to a homeless person who will agree to take on his or her illness. The major secular holidays are New Year's Day 1 January ; Women's Day 8 March , a still popular holdover from the Soviet Union, when women receive gifts; Navrus 21 March , originally a Zoroastrian holiday, which has lost its religious significance but is still celebrated with Sumaliak soup, made from milk and seven grains; Victory Day 9 May , marking the defeat of Nazi Germany; and Independence Day 1 September , celebrating separation from the Soviet Union.
A man cuts bread in a choyhana, or tea house. The tea house is the central gathering place for Uzbek men. Uzbeks typically visit friends and relatives on holidays to eat large meals and drink large amounts of vodka. Holidays also may be marked by concerts or parades centered on city or town squares or factories.
The government marks Independence Day and Navrus with massive outdoor jamborees in Tashkent, which are then broadcast throughout the country, and places of work or neighborhoods often host huge celebrations. Support for the Arts. During the Soviet period, the government gave extensive support to the arts, building cultural centers in every city and paying the salaries of professional artists.
With independence, state funding has shrunk, though it still makes up the bulk of arts funding. Many dance, theater, and music groups continue to rely on the state, which gives emphasis to large productions and extravaganzas, controls major venues, and often has an agenda for the artists to follow.
Other artists have joined private companies who perform for audiences of wealthy business-people and tourists. Yet many artists have simply been forced to find other work. The territory of Uzbekistan has a long tradition of writers, though not all were Uzbek. The fifteenth-century poet Alisher Navoi, —, is most revered; among his works is a treatise comparing the Persian and Turkish languages.
Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, —, born in Karakalpakistan, wrote a massive study of India. Omar Khayyam, —, came to Samarkand to pursue mathematics and astronomy. Babur, —, born in the Ferghana Valley, was the first Moghul leader of India, and wrote a famous autobiography. Until the twentieth century, Uzbek literary tradition was largely borne by bakshi, elder minstrels who recited myths and history through epic songs, and otin-oy, female singers who sang of birth, marriage and death.
The Jadids produced many poets, writers, and playwrights. These writers suffered greatly in the Stalinist purges of the s. Later the Soviet Union asked of its writers that they be internationalists and further socialist goals. Abdullah Qahhar, —, for example, satirized Muslim clerics. But with the loosening of state control in the s, a new generation of writers renewed the Uzbek language and Uzbek themes. Many writers also were active in Birlik, which started as a cultural movement but is now suppressed.
Graphic Arts. Uzbekistan has begun a revival of traditional crafts, which suffered from the Soviet view that factory-produced goods were superior to handicrafts. Now master craftsmen are reappearing in cities such as Samarkand and Bukhara, supported largely by foreign tourists. Miniature painting is narrative in character, using a wide palette of symbols to tell their stories. They can be read from right to left as a book, and often accompany works of literature. Wood carving, of architectural features such as doors and pillars and of items such as the sonduq, a box given to a bride by her parents, also is regaining a place in Uzbek crafts.
Ikat is a method of cloth dying, now centered in the Yordgorlik Silk Factory in Margilan. Silk threads are tie-dyed, then woven on a loom to create soft-edged designs for curtains, clothing, and other uses. Performance Arts. Uzbek music is characterized by reedy, haunting instruments and throaty, nasal singing.
It is played on long-necked lutes called dotars, flutes, tambourines, and small drums. It developed over the past several hundred years in the khanates on the territory of modern Uzbekistan, where musicians were a central feature of festivals and weddings.
The most highly regarded compositions are cycles called maqoms. Sozandas, sung by women accompanied by percussion instruments, also are popular. In the s, Uzbek composers were encouraged, leading to a classical music tradition that continues today.
Modern Uzbek pop often combines elements of folk music with electric instruments to create dance music. Uzbek dance is marked by fluid arm and upper-body movement. Today women's dance groups perform for festivals and for entertainment, a practice started during the Soviet period. Earlier, women danced only for other women; boys dressed as women performed for male audiences. One dance for Navruz asks for rain; others depict chores, other work, or events. Uzbek dance can be divided into three traditions: Bokhara and Samarkand; Khiva; and Khokand.
The Sufi dance, zikr, danced in a circle accompanied by chanting and percussion to reach a trance state, also is still practiced. Uzbekistan's theater in the twentieth century addressed moral and social issues. The Jadidists presented moral situations that would be resolved by a solution consistent with Islamic law. During the Soviet period dramatists were sometimes censored. The Ilkhom Theater, founded in , was the first independent theater in the Soviet Union.
Admission to cultural events is kept low by government and corporate sponsorship. It also has become common for dancers to perform for groups of wealthy patrons. Uzbekistan has several higher-education institutions, with departments aimed at conducting significant research. Funding, however, has lagged since independence.
The goal of the Academy of Sciences in Tashkent is practical application of science. It has physical and mathematical, chemicalbiological, and social sciences departments, with more than fifty research institutions and organizations under them.
Adams, Laura L. Schemas and Spectacles in Uzbekistan. Ali, Muhammad. Allworth, Edward A. Freedom House Griffin, Keith. Human Rights Watch. Jukes, Geoffrey J.
Kalter, Johannes, and Margareta Pavaloi. Uzbekistan: Heirs to the Silk Road, Khan, Azizur Rahman. Kharimov, Islom A. Nazarov, Bakhtiyar A. Essays on Uzbek History, Culture, and Language, Nettleton, Susanna. Paksoy, H. Prosser, Sarah. Schoeberlein-Engel, John. Marx;" Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 50 1 , Development Project.
Human Development Report: Uzbekistan , Department of State. Background Notes: Uzbekistan , Department of State, Central Intelligence Agency. Library of Congress. Toggle navigation. Alternative Names Uzbeq, Ozbek. Orientation Identification. History and Ethnic Relations Emergence of the Nation.
Urbanism, Architecture, and the Use of Space In ancient times the cities of Samarkand and Bokhara were regarded as jewels of Islamic architecture, thriving under Amir Timur and his descendants the Timurids. Each town has a large square, where festivals and public events are held. Food and Economy Food in Daily Life. Social Stratification Classes and Castes. Political Life Government.
Nongovernmental Organizations and Other Associations Most domestic nongovernmental organizations are funded and supported by the government, and all must be registered. Marriage, Family, and Kinship Marriage.
Socialization Infant Care. Etiquette Elders are respected in Uzbek culture. Religion Religious Beliefs. Medicine and Health Care Current health practices derive from the Soviet system. Secular Celebrations The major secular holidays are New Year's Day 1 January ; Women's Day 8 March , a still popular holdover from the Soviet Union, when women receive gifts; Navrus 21 March , originally a Zoroastrian holiday, which has lost its religious significance but is still celebrated with Sumaliak soup, made from milk and seven grains; Victory Day 9 May , marking the defeat of Nazi Germany; and Independence Day 1 September , celebrating separation from the Soviet Union.
The Arts and Humanities Support for the Arts. The State of the Physical and Social Sciences Uzbekistan has several higher-education institutions, with departments aimed at conducting significant research. Bibliography Adams, Laura L. Also read article about Uzbekistan from Wikipedia. User Contributions: 1. I am Uzbek. I live in old part of Tashkent city. I have liked this material. It helped me to prepare my presentation. I thought that there is no any information about Uzbek culture in English.
The most of this information is correct. Thank you very much. Yours faithfully Nuriddin Vakhabov. Alison Price. I am preparing a presentation on artist Zinaida Kovalevskaya.
She was named People's Artist of Uzbekistan in It has been very difficult finding information about her and her work. Your article has helped me understand the context in which she worked. She has a gallery in the Tashkent museum, but I am unable to locate the information on the web. Thank you for sharing your knowledge and article with us.
It is appreciated! Thank you! Thanks for information. It helped me to write an essay about the traditions of Uzbekistan. Thanks for this great information, it really hepled me to prepare a presentation about Uzbekistan.
I searched a lot, but this information fits best!! And I hope that everyone in my class from other countries will enjoy it, and would like to visit Uzbekistan as soon as possible. Thanks for sharing with us such a wonderful information and articles about Uzbekistan.
This was such a help putting together a culture project for my sociology class. Just wanted to say thanks. Yes, information written very interesting, But they are chosen only poor pictures of Uzbekistan. It is no good :. Im doing a project for school on Uzbekistan, and other sites did not supply me nearly the amount of information this site has offered me. Now I am quite certain I will get the appropriate grade I deserve using this information.
ALothough I will not copy it becuase, of course that is illegal in America. But instead I will use this vast knowledge as the grounds for my essay. Thank you very much now I feel as if I've actually lived in Uzbekistan. Hello, thanks for this information it's very interesting. My girlfriend is Uzbek and I was wondering how would be our childrens' lastname? In Hispanic tradition we have two lastnames: one from the father one from the mother but if we go abroad, let's the the UK,children would have both from the fater since they see at as a single one.
Hi, my name is Dilafruz. I am proud of this. I liked this site very much. Beceuse people who want to know about our country can get any information here. But I think you should change some photos because they describe only our history. Nowadays there are many sightseeing places in our country. And I think it will be interesting for foreigners.
In ny case, thank you very much. You did good job! I need this information for my coursework. I am currently reside in California USA. Your help is greatly appreciated. I love their hand made hats. Alsalamu alikom, this information is very useful. I would be grateful if somebody can advise me from where i can get a book or video saying about Uzbekistan in details. Thanks in advance. Just wanted to say thanks; this information helped me a lot in my project.
I searched a lot of websites but they didn't have nearly as much information as this one. Thank you so much:D btw I lived in Tashkent for 5 years and loved it, so doing this project takes me back in time:. I am a tajik and I want to marry an uzbek girl and I see many things that are the same except for the fact that our languages are different which is the only difference. What I also fin amusing is the fact that they drink vodka? It's an alcoholic drink is it not haram?
Shera Repangue. I am a Filipina and my boyfriend is an Uzbek, glad to read this article because it helps me a lot to know more about my boyfriend's culture and tradition. Hi, I am Filipina having an Uzbek boyfriend.. Our situation is quite hard as we don't have the same nationality.. We wanted to take our relationship into "next" level, but both of us are thinking if I could live in their country like settled..
I myself, to be honest, isn't sure too.. But I do love him, we do love each other.. Thank you and more power to this site!
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